World J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2026 May 9;42(6):273. doi: 10.1007/s11274-026-05005-w.

ABSTRACT

Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) are a class of copper-dependent oxidases capable of cleaving glycosidic bonds in crystalline polysaccharides through oxidative mechanisms, playing a pivotal role in biomass refining and green biomanufacturing. However, natural LPMOs still face technical bottlenecks such as insufficient electron transfer efficiency, limited catalytic activity, and poor stability under industrial reaction conditions. This review systematically summarizes the classification, structure, catalytic mechanisms, and diverse applications of LPMOs. It focuses on analyzing research progress in modifying LPMOs through protein engineering strategies such as rational design (e.g., disulfide bond engineering, active site optimization) and directed evolution. Furthermore, it summarizes current high-throughput technologies suitable for LPMO mutant screening. Finally, it outlines future development directions including AI-assisted design and cell-free expression systems, providing references for further enzyme engineering and industrial applications.

PMID:42105045 | DOI:10.1007/s11274-026-05005-w